Fuentes de Oñoro 1811: Wellington’s liberation of Portugal (Campaign Book 99)

Packed with illustrations and maps, this slim volume examines Wellington's comeback in Portugal, which ultimately led to the end of its French occupation.In October 1810 the Allied position in Portugal appeared precarious. Despite defeating Marshal Masséna's French army at Bussaco, Wellington had been forced to retreat to within a few miles of Lisbon. Here the French encountered a massive line of fortifications stretching from the River Tagus to the sea. Built amid great secrecy and on Wellington's specific orders, these Lines of Torres Vedras were the French high-water mark.In February, with his army on the point of starvation, Masséna was forced to retreat. The scene was set for the climactic action of Fuentes de Oñoro, expertly examined by prolific military history author René Chartrand. Read more